Convert between pH, pOH, [H⁺], and [OH⁻] concentrations
Classification
Neutral
pH
7.0000
pOH
7.0000
[H⁺]
1.0000e-7 M
[OH⁻]
1.0000e-7 M
pH is a measure of the hydrogen ion concentration in a solution. It indicates how acidic or basic (alkaline) a solution is on a scale from 0 to 14. The term "pH" stands for "potential of hydrogen" or "power of hydrogen."
pH is calculated using the negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration:
pH = -log₁₀[H⁺]pH + pOH Relationship
pH + pOH = 14
Ion Product of Water
[H⁺] × [OH⁻] = 10⁻¹⁴
Find [H⁺] from pH
[H⁺] = 10⁻ᵖᴴ
Find [OH⁻] from pOH
[OH⁻] = 10⁻ᵖᴼᴴ
| pH Value | Classification | Example |
|---|---|---|
| 0 - 2 | Strongly Acidic | Battery acid, stomach acid |
| 3 - 4 | Acidic | Vinegar, lemon juice |
| 5 - 6 | Weakly Acidic | Coffee, rain water |
| 7 | Neutral | Pure water |
| 8 - 9 | Weakly Basic | Baking soda, sea water |
| 10 - 11 | Basic | Ammonia, soap |
| 12 - 14 | Strongly Basic | Bleach, drain cleaner |