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Standard "Golden Cup" ratio.
The single most important factor in coffee flavor is the coffee-to-water ratio.
1:16 is considered the universal standard. It means for every 1 gram of coffee, you use 16 grams (ml) of water.
A tablespoon of dark roast beans weighs less than a tablespoon of light roast beans (due to moisture loss). Measuring by volume is inconsistent. Investing in a cheap kitchen scale ($15) is the best upgrade you can make for your morning routine.
The 'Golden Cup Standard' defined by the SCA (Specialty Coffee Association) suggests a ratio of 1:15 to 1:18 (grams of coffee to grams of water). 1:16 is the most common starting point.
For a standard 8-12 oz mug, use 2-3 tablespoons of ground coffee. For precise brewing, weighing your beans in grams is much more accurate than volume measurements.
French press uses a coarser grind and longer finish time. A stronger ratio (1:15) helps extract optimal flavor without over-extracting bitterness from the coarse grounds.
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